Search results for "Self Administration"
showing 10 items of 33 documents
Effects of bingeing on fat during adolescence on the reinforcing effects of cocaine in adult male mice
2016
Binge eating is a specific form of overeating characterized by intermittent excessive eating. In addition to altering the neurobiological reward system, several studies have highlighted that consumption of palatable food increases vulnerability to drug use. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of a high-fat diet consumed in a binge pattern during adolescence on the reinforcing effects of cocaine. After 40 days of binge-eating for 2 h, three days a week (PND 29–69), the reinforcing effects of cocaine on conditioning place preference and intravenous self-administration paradigm were evaluated in adolescent male mice. Circulating leptin and ghrelin levels and the effects of…
Improved effectiveness from individualized dosing of self-administered biologics for the treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis: a 5-year retrospe…
2019
Background: Biologics for moderate-to-severe psoriasis are expensive and treatment substitutions may vastly increase cost. Moreover, administration regimens in routine practice may differ from recommended guidelines. Objectives: To evaluate long-term effectiveness, regimen, drug-survival, and efficiency of self-administered biologics in clinical practice. Methods: We performed a 5-year retrospective study in 72 patients (44 ± 14 years old) with moderate-to-severe psoriasis at the University Hospital La Plana (Vila-real, Spain), treated with subcutaneous biologics. We determined the effectiveness (PASI 75 or PASI < 5), and drug-survival using Kaplan-Meier estimates, and analyzed reasons for …
Home therapy for deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in cancer patients
2005
Outpatient treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) has become a common practice in uncomplicated patients. Few data are still present in patients with comorbidity (such as cancer) or concomitant symptomatic pulmonary embolism. Cancer patients with DVT are often excluded from home treatment because they have a higher risk of both bleeding and recurrent DVT. We tested the feasibility and safety of the Home Treatment (HT) program for acute DVT a PE in cancer patients. Patients were treated as outpatients unless they required admission for other medical problems, were actively bleeding or had pain that requires parenteral narcotics. Outpatient treatment was with low molecular weight heparin (LM…
Sexually dimorphic effects of alcohol self-administration on cognitive processes
2012
Chronic alcohol consumption is able to modify cognitive and emotional behaviour in humans. Many studies on gender diversity have identified swingeing differences between man and woman, not only in the propensity for alcohol abuse, but also in their behavioural effects. In this study we investigate in adult male and female rats: i) alcohol drinking behaviour and preference pattern using a 3-bottle choice paradigm with water, 10% ethanol solution and white wine (10%v/v), along a four-week period; ii) Alcohol free access (AFA) effects on locomotion and behavioural reactivity in the Open Field; iii) The influence of AFA on spatial learning and reference memory, employing the Morris Water Maze. …
Sucrose self-administration and CNS activation in the rat
2011
We have previously reported that administration of insulin into the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus decreases motivation for sucrose, assessed by a self-administration task, in rats. Because the pattern of central nervous system (CNS) activation in association with sucrose self-administration has not been evaluated, in the present study, we measured expression of c-Fos as an index of neuronal activation. We trained rats to bar-press for sucrose, according to a fixed-ratio (FR) or progressive-ratio (PR) schedule and mapped expression of c-Fos immunoreactivity in the CNS, compared with c-Fos expression in handled controls. We observed a unique expression of c-Fos in the medial hypothalam…
Manipulation of the DA signal on the onset of relapse of ACD
2013
It's widely known that all addictive drugs show analogous pathological behaviours consisting in compulsive drug seeking,loss of self –control and propensity to relapse. This evidence is suggestive of a common brain mechanism involving the Ventral Tegmental Area and Nucleus Accumbens whereby mesocorticolimbimc dopamine pathway. Dfferent and apparently anthitetic classes of drugs of abuse manage to increase DA release, in the aforementioned areas (Di Chiara, 1988; 1995). Reductions in activity of the mesolimbic dopamine system in the nucleus accumbes occur during drug withdrawal in animal studies (Weiss F et al. 1992; 1996). Experimental evidences have proven D2 receptor involvement in drug s…
Neurobiological mechanisms of the reinstatement of drug-conditioned place preference.
2009
Drug addiction is a chronic disorder characterized by a high rate of relapse following detoxification. There are two main versions of the reinstatement model that are employed to study relapse to drug abuse; one based on the operant self-administration procedure, and the other on the classical conditioned place preference procedure. In the last seven years, the use of the latter version has become more widespread, and the results obtained complement those obtained in self-administration studies. It has been observed that the conditioned place preference induced by opioids, psychostimulants, nicotine, ethanol and other drugs of abuse can be extinguished and reinstated by drug priming or expo…
Effects of DA-Phen, a dopamine-aminoacidic conjugate, on alcohol intake and forced abstinence
2016
The mesolimbic dopamine (DA) system plays a key role in drug reinforcement and is involved in the development of alcohol addiction. Manipulation of the DAergic system represents a promising strategy to control drug-seeking behavior. Previous studies on 2-amino-N-[2-(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-ethyl]-3-phenyl-propionamide (DA-Phen) showed in vivo effects as a DA-ergic modulator. This study was aimed at investigate DA-Phen effects on operant behavior for alcohol seeking behavior, during reinstatement following subsequent periods of alcohol deprivation. For this purpose, male Wistar rats were tested in an operant paradigm of self-administration; behavioral reactivity and anxiety like-behavior durin…
Pairing Binge Drinking and a High-Fat Diet in Adolescence Modulates the Inflammatory Effects of Subsequent Alcohol Consumption in Mice
2021
This article belongs to the Special Issue Gut Microbiota and Immunity.
Early life stress is a risk factor for excessive alcohol drinking and impulsivity in adults and is mediated via a CRF/GABAA mechanism
2016
Childhood stress and trauma are associated with substance use disorders in adulthood, but the neurological changes that confer increased vulnerability are largely unknown. In this study, maternal separation (MS) stress, restricted to the pre-weaning period, was used as a model to study mechanisms of protracted effects of childhood stress/traumatic experiences on binge drinking and impulsivity. Using an operant self-administration model of binge drinking and a delay discounting assay to measure impulsive-like behavior, we report that early life stress due to MS facilitated acquisition of binge drinking and impulsivity during adulthood in rats. Previous studies have shown heightened levels of…